Century
17th Century CE
What happened in the 17th Century CE.
ArtConstruction of the Taj Mahal Beginsc. 1632 CE · Agra, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaShah Jahan commissions the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, initiating one of history's greatest architectural projects.
PoliticsPeace of WestphaliaOctober 24, 1648 · Münster and Osnabrück, GermanyTreaties end the Thirty Years' War, establishing state sovereignty.
DisasterGreat Fire of LondonSeptember 2, 1666 · London, EnglandCatastrophic fire destroys medieval London, leading to major urban reconstruction.
PoliticsShivaji Maharaj Coronation and Maratha Empirec. 1674 CE · Raigad Fort (modern Maharashtra/India)Chhatrapati Shivaji is crowned as the sovereign ruler of the Marathas, establishing an independent Hindu kingdom against Mughal dominance.
ReligionBirth of Bulleh Shahc. 1680 CE · Uch (modern Pakistan)The birth of Bulleh Shah, a pivotal Sufi poet who challenged religious orthodoxy and promoted universal love.
WarAurangzeb's Decades-Long Deccan Campaignc. 1681 CE · Deccan Plateau, IndiaEmperor Aurangzeb moves his court to the Deccan for a prolonged military campaign against the Marathas and Sultanates.
SciencePublication of Newton's PrincipiaJuly 5, 1687 CE · Cambridge, EnglandIsaac Newton defines laws of motion and universal gravitation revolutionizing physics.
PoliticsThe Glorious RevolutionNovember 5, 1688 · London, EnglandParliament invites William of Orange to depose James II, establishing constitutional monarchy.